Causes of False Negative Pregnancy Tests

How Accurate Are Home Pregnancy Tests?

When you are trying to conceive, you probably rely on home testing quite a lot. From ovulation tests to pregnancy tests, it can seem like much of the process involves those little sticks. But how accurate are home pregnancy tests? Typically, they are very accurate. They are not quite as sensitive as a blood test at a doctor’s office, though, and sometimes, they can give false results. Why? To understand, it’s important to know what they are actually testing.

How Do These Tests Work?

Home pregnancy tests detect the presence of hCG (human chorionic gonadotrophin) in urine. This hormone is only produced during pregnancy, and so testing for this hormone is a solid way to determine if someone is pregnant. However, even the most sensitive urine tests can only detect hCG when it is at a level of 20mlU/ml, while a blood test can detect it at a much lower level- 5mlU/ml.

Why Do False Negatives Occur?

While false negative results on a pregnancy test are uncommon, there are several different reasons that they can sometimes occur. The first is user error. If you take a test too early, before a missed period, it may be too soon for the test to detect hCG. Especially if you have an irregular cycle, it’s easy to accidentally test too early. Reading the results before the test has had enough time to work can also result in a false negative.  Of course, the test might also be faulty, which would cause it not to register a pregnancy. Interestingly, taking a test too late can also cause a negative result, because hCG levels tend to level out during pregnancy. Multiples can throw off hCG levels, too, so while it is unusual, if you have two or more babies in your pregnancy, you may get a false negative. In rare cases, a molar pregnancy or ectopic pregnancy can also cause a false negative.

What Should You Do About a False Pregnancy?

If you suspect you are pregnant but get a negative test result, wait a few days and try again. Test early in the morning for best results, because this is when hCG levels are at their highest. You can also schedule an appointment with your doctor, to have a more accurate test done at the office. If you suspect you are pregnant and are in pain, do not delay seeking medical treatment. Contact your doctor or head to the emergency room, because ectopic pregnancies are very dangerous and can even be fatal. When you are trying to get pregnant, work with your doctor all along the way, for the healthiest start to your pregnancy.

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